Difference between revisions of "Optics Bootcamp"
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* 1 x 3/16 balldriver for 1/4-20 cap screws | * 1 x 3/16 balldriver for 1/4-20 cap screws | ||
* 1 x 0.050" hex balldriver for 4-40 set screws | * 1 x 0.050" hex balldriver for 4-40 set screws | ||
− | * | + | * 1 x RLA1800 dovetail optical rails |
* 4 x RC1 rail carriers | * 4 x RC1 rail carriers | ||
− | * | + | * 6 x 1/4-20 x 5/16" cap screws |
* 4 x PH2-ST post holders | * 4 x PH2-ST post holders | ||
* 4 x TR2 optical posts | * 4 x TR2 optical posts | ||
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|width="200"|[[Image: 140730_OpticsBootcamp_3.jpg|frameless|200px]] | |width="200"|[[Image: 140730_OpticsBootcamp_3.jpg|frameless|200px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_03.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |align="left" colspan="3"|* Secure the | + | |align="left" colspan="3"|* Secure the optical rail on the optical table using two 1/4-20 x 5/16 cap screws and the 3/16 hex balldriver. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_09.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|align="left" colspan="3"|* Prepare four sliding posts, each by attaching one RC1 rail carrier to one PH2-ST post holder with one 1/4-20 x 5/16 cap screws. | |align="left" colspan="3"|* Prepare four sliding posts, each by attaching one RC1 rail carrier to one PH2-ST post holder with one 1/4-20 x 5/16 cap screws. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_05.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_07.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|align="left" rowspan = "3" colspan="2"|'''Mount the LED light source''': | |align="left" rowspan = "3" colspan="2"|'''Mount the LED light source''': | ||
* In the LCP01 cage plate, the LED will get sandwiched in-between two SM2RR retaining rings. First screw in one SM2RR only 1 mm deep. | * In the LCP01 cage plate, the LED will get sandwiched in-between two SM2RR retaining rings. First screw in one SM2RR only 1 mm deep. | ||
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* Adjust the LED brightness using the power supply's ''Voltage'' knob. | * Adjust the LED brightness using the power supply's ''Voltage'' knob. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_10.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_11.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_12.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_13.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_08.jpg|frameless|120px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_15.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140730_OpticsBootcamp_1.jpg|frameless|200px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140730_OpticsBootcamp_2.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140730_OpticsBootcamp_4.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|align="left" colspan="3"|'''Mount the object (US Air Force target 1951)''': | |align="left" colspan="3"|'''Mount the object (US Air Force target 1951)''': | ||
* Tighten the R1DS1N 1951 USAF test target in-between two SM1RR retaining rings inside the SM1L10 lens tube, using the SPW602 spanner wrench. (This procedure should be reminiscent of the insertion of the 25 mm hemispherical lens in the cage plate adapter.) | * Tighten the R1DS1N 1951 USAF test target in-between two SM1RR retaining rings inside the SM1L10 lens tube, using the SPW602 spanner wrench. (This procedure should be reminiscent of the insertion of the 25 mm hemispherical lens in the cage plate adapter.) | ||
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* Slide in the ''object'' assembly along the optical rail. | * Slide in the ''object'' assembly along the optical rail. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_16.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|align="left" colspan="3"|'''Mount the lens (f = 35 mm)''': | |align="left" colspan="3"|'''Mount the lens (f = 35 mm)''': | ||
* Tighten the LB1811 biconvex f = 35 mm lens in-between two SM1RR retaining rings inside the CP02 cage plate. | * Tighten the LB1811 biconvex f = 35 mm lens in-between two SM1RR retaining rings inside the CP02 cage plate. | ||
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* Slide in the ''lens'' assembly along the optical rail. | * Slide in the ''lens'' assembly along the optical rail. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_17.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
− | |width=" | + | |width="200"|[[Image: 140729_OpticsBootcamp_18.jpg|frameless|150px]] |
|align="left" colspan="2"|'''Mount the CCD camera''': | |align="left" colspan="2"|'''Mount the CCD camera''': | ||
* Affix a TR2 optical post directly to the CCD camera plate using the 1/4-20 set screw. | * Affix a TR2 optical post directly to the CCD camera plate using the 1/4-20 set screw. | ||
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|} | |} | ||
− | == | + | ==Visualize, capture, and save images in Matlab== |
{|class="wikitable" | {|class="wikitable" | ||
|width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_01.png|frameless|250px]] | |width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_01.png|frameless|250px]] | ||
|align="left"| | |align="left"| | ||
− | * Log on to the computer and run <tt>imaqtool</tt> | + | * Log on to the computer, launch Matlab, and run <tt>imaqtool</tt>. |
* Select the ''Manta GigE Mono 12" hardware in the left bar. | * Select the ''Manta GigE Mono 12" hardware in the left bar. | ||
* The ''Start Preview'' button will bring up a window of the live image from the CCD camera. | * The ''Start Preview'' button will bring up a window of the live image from the CCD camera. | ||
* Move the lens and USAF 1951 target object to produce a focused image. | * Move the lens and USAF 1951 target object to produce a focused image. | ||
+ | * Under the ''Device Properties'' tab, optimize the ''Exposure Time Abs'' field for good contrast without pixel saturation. | ||
* Measure the distance <math>S_o</math> from the target object to the lens and the distance <math>S_i</math> from the lens to the CCD active imaging plane. | * Measure the distance <math>S_o</math> from the target object to the lens and the distance <math>S_i</math> from the lens to the CCD active imaging plane. | ||
+ | ** Does the lens maker formula <math> {1 \over S_o} + {1 \over S_i} = {1 \over f}</math> apply as it should when the image focus is optimized? | ||
|- | |- | ||
|width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_02.png|frameless|250px]] | |width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_02.png|frameless|250px]] | ||
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** Make sure you limit to 1 the number of ''Frames Per Trigger'' in the ''General'' tab of the ''Acquisition Parameters''; | ** Make sure you limit to 1 the number of ''Frames Per Trigger'' in the ''General'' tab of the ''Acquisition Parameters''; | ||
** Use the ''Start Acquisition'' and ''Export Data'' buttons; | ** Use the ''Start Acquisition'' and ''Export Data'' buttons; | ||
− | ** Navigate to the ''Student Data\ Fall 2014\'' directory accessible from the computer desktop to | + | ** Navigate to the ''Student Data\ Fall 2014\'' directory accessible from the computer desktop to save your data files remotely on a server you'll be able to browse from your home computer. |
− | + | ** The file extension will be .MAT (''e.g.'' <tt>1951target_01.mat</tt>). The variable within this file (''e.g.'' <tt>im01</tt> will represent the image as a 492x656 matrix of 16-bit integers. | |
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Examine images in Matlab== | ||
+ | {|class="wikitable" | ||
|width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_03.png|frameless|250px]] | |width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_03.png|frameless|250px]] | ||
− | |align="left" | + | |align="left"| |
+ | * To display the image in Matlab, use the <tt>imshow</tt> command: | ||
+ | ** Include the ''Student Data\ Fall 2014\'' directory to your Matlab path. | ||
+ | ** When the 12-bit numbers from the camera get transferred to the computer, they are converted to 16-bit numbers. 16-bit numbers can represent a range of values from 0-65535. This leaves a considerable portion of the number range unoccupied. Because of this, if you type <tt>imshow( im01 )</tt>, you will see an image that looks almost completely black. | ||
+ | ** Adjust the image to fill the full range by typing <tt>imshow( 16.0039 * im01 )</tt>. | ||
+ | ::''Note:'' 16.0039 equals 16 + 1/256. This factor maps values in the range 0-4095 to 0-65535. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_04.png|frameless|250px]] | |width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_04.png|frameless|250px]] | ||
− | |align="left" | + | |align="left" rowspan="2"| |
+ | * Determine the distance (in pixels) between two specific points in the image: | ||
+ | ** Either use the ''Data Cursor Tool'' to display the X and Y coordinate of your mouse pointer, | ||
+ | ** or use the interactive <tt>improfile</tt> function from the Matlab command window, which lets you trace a segment across the active figure (visualized as a dotted line) and generates a plot of pixel intensity vs. pixel position along the segment in a new figure. | ||
+ | ** This manipulation allows you to calculate the image size <math>h_i</math>, taking into account the CCD pixel size: 7.4 μm x 7.4 μm. | ||
+ | * Confirm the corresponding object size <math>h_o</math>: | ||
+ | ** Refer to the [http://www.aig-imaging.com/mm5/PDF/USAF%201951%20Test%20Target%20T-20_v1-04.pdf| specification sheet of the USAF 1951 test target], pages 5 and 8 in particular. | ||
+ | ** The 1" R1DS1N 1951 USAF test target includes elements of groups 2 and 3. | ||
+ | ** Example: ''Element 2'' in ''Group 2'' has 4.49 cycles (= line pairs) per millimeter. So 2 line pairs from ''Element 2'' in ''Group 2'' span 2 ÷ 4.49 = 0.4454 mm = 445.4 μm. | ||
+ | * Do both magnification relationships <math>M = {h_i \over h_o} = {S_i \over S_o}</math> match ? | ||
|- | |- | ||
|width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_05.png|frameless|250px]] | |width="250"|[[Image: 140730_Matlab_05.png|frameless|250px]] | ||
− | |||
|} | |} | ||
− | {{ | + | ==Plot and discuss your results== |
+ | * Repeat these measurements of <math>S_o</math>, <math>S_i</math>, <math>h_o</math>, and <math>h_i</math> for several values of <math>S_o</math>. | ||
+ | * Plot <math>{1 \over S_i}</math> as a function of <math>= {1 \over f} - {1 \over S_o}</math>. | ||
+ | * Plot <math>h_i</math> as a function of <math>h_o</math>. | ||
+ | * What sources of error affect your measurements? | ||
+ | * What is the uncertainty of your magnification measurement? | ||
− | + | {{:Optical microscopy lab wiki pages}} | |
− | + | ||
{{Template:20.309 bottom}} | {{Template:20.309 bottom}} |
Revision as of 14:18, 31 July 2014
Through this exercise, you will
- learn the basics of mounting, aligning and adjusting optical components;
- verify the lens maker and the magnification formulae:
- $ {1 \over S_o} + {1 \over S_i} = {1 \over f} $
- $ M = {h_i \over h_o} = {S_i \over S_o} $
- become familiar with image acquisition and distance measurement using the Matlab software.
Build the optomechanical testing apparatus
Visualize, capture, and save images in Matlab
Examine images in Matlab
| |
| |
Plot and discuss your results
- Repeat these measurements of $ S_o $, $ S_i $, $ h_o $, and $ h_i $ for several values of $ S_o $.
- Plot $ {1 \over S_i} $ as a function of $ = {1 \over f} - {1 \over S_o} $.
- Plot $ h_i $ as a function of $ h_o $.
- What sources of error affect your measurements?
- What is the uncertainty of your magnification measurement?
Optical microscopy lab
Code examples and simulations
- Converting Gaussian fit to Rayleigh resolution
- MATLAB: Estimating resolution from a PSF slide image
- Matlab: Scalebars
- Calculating MSD and Diffusion Coefficients